Rugby Rules
Rugby, a remarkably physical pursuit, finds its international zenith in the Rugby World Cup. Esteemed competitions like the Tri Nations (comprising South Africa, New Zealand, and Australia), Six Nations (encompassing England, Ireland, Scotland, Wales, Italy, and France), and the prestigious Heineken Cup also hold considerable regard.
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Object of the Game
The aim of the sport is to amass more points than adversaries within the allotted 80-minute timeframe for each match. Victory is bestowed upon the team with the highest point tally at the conclusion. Matches may conclude in a draw.
The team in possession must progress the ball up the field through distinct "phases of play." Passing the ball forward is forbidden, but players can advance with it or execute forward kicks. The opposing team endeavors to impede the attacking team through tackling and seeking ball retention.
Players & Equipment
Each rugby squad comprises 15 players divided into forwards and backs. Forwards, including Hooker, Prop, Second Row, Flanker, and Number Eight, number 8, whereas backs include Scrum Half, Fly Half, Inside Centre, Outside Centre, Wingers, and a Full Back.
The pitch delineates into three zones: a principal playing area not exceeding 100 meters and two dead goal areas spanning 10 to 20 meters. The field's width must equal 70 meters. Goal posts form an 'H' shape, spaced approximately 5 to 6 meters apart with no height restrictions.
Players may wear studded boots alongside gum shields, head guards, shoulder pads, and shin pads. Uniformity is mandated, with teams donning identical-colored jerseys, shorts, and socks.
Scoring
Points are attainable through four avenues:
1. A try awards 5 points when a player places the ball in the opponent's dead ball area.
2. A conversion, a free kick post-try, yields 2 bonus points if successfully kicked between upper goal posts and top bar.
3. A penalty kick fetches 3 points, granted for opposing team infractions.
4. A drop goal, kicked out of hand with a bounce, merits 3 points.
Winning the Game
To secure victory, a team must outscore its opponent within the 80-minute timeframe, utilizing any of the aforementioned scoring methods.
Rules of Rugby
The game unfolds in two 40-minute halves, with a 10-minute intermission. There is no stoppage time; the game concludes precisely at 80 minutes.
Teams commence with 15 players and up to 7 substitutes. Players exiting due to injury can return after treatment.
The field spans approximately 100 meters in length and 70 meters in width, including a minimum 10-meter dead ball area. Markings include the halfway line, 5-meter line, 22-meter line, 10-meter line, and dead ball line. A center spot facilitates game restarts after tries, penalties, or drop goals.
A single referee and two touch judges oversee the game, with referees managing time, decisions, and field order. Touch judges assist in decisions and signal players out of bounds.
Game halts for fouls, out-of-play balls, or scored tries or drop goals. Defenders must tackle below shoulder height, with infringements resulting in fouls.
Touchdowns trigger line-outs, with up to 7 players contesting the ball. A successful conversion, penalty, or goal kick requires clearing the ball through the goal's upper section. Players not impeding play can be in front of the ball but must retreat before re-engaging in the game.